Art of converting oils



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" E. M. CLARK ART OF CONVERTING OILS Filed Dec. 19, 1921 Patented Fob. iii, 19535 i i EDGAB rs. opens, or new roan, n. a, sssrou'on no srsnnenn nnvunorsrmrr courses, A courses-men or zonsewnus.

ART UEGGEWERTHEG @Hifi.

Application filed December 1%, 19%.. Serial 2 30. 528,466.

ToaZZwFwm itmag concern: oil through the coil is controlled so that 50 Be it known that I, EDGAR M. GLARK, a there is no substantial deposition of coke citizen of the United. States, residing at therein, the rate of firing; being adjusted 1 W. 64th Street, New York city, in the *ith reference to the rate of flow of the county-cf New York and State of New York, oil so that the temperature of the oil prodhave invented a new and useful liuprovenote at the outlet of the coil is maintained M ment in the Art of Converting (lils, or" at the desired. point. The vaporization of which the following is a specification. portions of the oil in the coil aids in in The present invention relates to the art creasing" the velocity of its flow thereof converting" oils and more particularly to through. On leaving the coil the oil does the conversion of hydrocarbon oils into not contain any high proportion of low boil- 60 lower boiling-point hydrocarbon oils, such ing' point products, only a small amount of as gasoline, by the action of heat. it will cracking having; been effected therein. In be fully understood from the following deoperating upon an oil of the character of scription, illustrated by the accompanying oil for the production oi? gasoline, a drawing, in which apparatus suitable for pressure of 525 lbs. may be maintained in the carrying out the invention is diagrammati coil 2 and the rate of firing of the coil so cally shown, partly in section controlled that the temperature of the oil In carrying. out my invention. any suitproducts at the outlet of the coil is about m able hydrocarbon oil stock of higher boiling 800 F.

- point than-the-desircd products may beern- From the coil the oil products entir the m ployed, for example, an overhead stock such intake side of a compression purupfl, by

as gas oil, having a boiling point range of which the'oil products are compressed and 550 to 750 F. under atmospheric pressure. forced into a drum or chamber i, through or residue oils, such as skimmed or topped which they pass while undergoing continued crude oils from which the lower boiling conversion and digestion. The'oil products 75 point constituents, such as gasoline and hero leaving the coil 2 are compressed by the sens, have been removed by distillation. For pump 3' to a pressure at which the unconexample, a ligh'i: Mexican crude oil from verted oil is substantially entirely in liquid so which gasoline and kerosene have been restate. This pressure is, in general, in exmoved, may be employed. Crude oils, such cess of 75 lbs. per square inch and may suit- 33% as heavy Mexican crude oil, which contain ably be about 2001135. when the oil-products no substantial proportion of lower boiling leave the coil 2 at a temperature of about point products. may likewise be treated in 800 if. -The compression by the pump 3 3% accordance with the present invention. being: substanhally adiabatic, a substantial Referring to the drawings, the stock to be increase in temperature of the oil products 55 converted is fed by pump 1 through the results, say 50 to 75 F. The products highly heated coil 2, in which it is brought leaving the coil 2 at lbs. pressure and to an effective conversion temperature, for 800 F. in the specific instance set forth in' 4 example, to a temperature above 680 to 700 the preceding iiragraph, on compression by F. A slight pressure is maintained upon the pump 200 lbs. pressure, acquire a the oil in the coil 2, this pressure being in temperature of about 850 F. at which they general less than to lbs. per square enter the chamber or drum 4.

inch. and preferably about 25 lbs. per square "The chamber imay suitably be heavily inch. The pressurein coil 2 is not sufii Jagged with heat insulating material to re- -cient to maintain the unconverted oil enduce the loss of heat as far as possible.

tirely in the liquid phase, a substantial prohie-ans may be provided, it desired, for

portion thereof being vaporized in its travel applying a relatively mild heat to this charm through the coil. The-rate of flow or the her or drum, for example, by conducting vnflsusiiion from, 3M setting fnrmzpjil fine 5 into the setting 21* 'Eiha hba t applied is the id at my ima be smficigm; w G5? "the drum to a r'mpewx "F. and mdinarily ismoituir'cfl t n'laintnin the tam- 011 products Within the in r ten'l wmtmre to 431m. 1580 to 7'00? F. 213 be per- (l. therein. A mare or cup 0115 d T:

0*. 06%;. (1e mnfiing upon the zmfim'e may take place, in tin ush character to he 9"}ELT r i;- 3 iqnifi and vapors takes pines. Hie up 3 1321313 ("inch ed Through a pipe if? and the vapors; ofi fhmugh a vapo? 31218 Til M v m conrlenser 1157mm 'Whfi: the ca 4 nsmfi :mt'i imconrinsec'i pm il'm'fs prim ifinz'ough -1 line 13 in a Suitable receiver, nv STEP-WI}... in which they may be ssinm'aiefi.

f conwriing 'h" point nyGr-ncm-mn hating the oil to m proflucts is farmed during said. heating,

con'lpressi the heated oil material to a pres'mmg- 5 which the incnnverte-cl oil is substantial? entirely in the liquid Sta-be and rvfninir the heated oil material under such pressure *ithour, reduction in temperature na'lnw (-180 to 700 F.. to effect substantial conversim'; thereof.

:2. The 1: uathed of converting hydrocarbon ails inm lswerboiling point hydrocarbon oi is Wrdch comprises heating tha oil 0 be cmwerted m a temperature above 680 to *260 7". While under a pressure "below that at which the suhsianfiany unconverfied of is substantially en' irely in the Hquid sm'te such iam'lpemiure, csmpxassing the heat ed 011 mmaerial to a pressure at which the liquid shite and maintaining he compressed oi} mm rial under such. pressure and. at a mare above in 700 ta Pffect mflastan'ii li convem'ion filamof.

The met-3105i Converting hydrocar bon 0119 317:4; Mwer bo ling" point hwirocazbon oils which comprisvs rapiily heating" the 051 to he converifefi in a knmperature 0f about 800" F, compresing" the heater oil material in a pressure w'i'zich fine unconvertei 0H SU hSi'aHtiFJYy.'enhrriv 1'11 liquid sitafe and Tat/aiming Hm hea'fed 0i maieriai under such pressum m6; 2. temperature above 680 i0 700 3?. to eff-act wfnqtnnfia? converon fiver Lu oils into low e1 hailing; "poivr'thycxmsafhon oils "which cmnprises heating; oil c0 he n1? maiwiai mu??? RHC-h pressure at a femsesame oils which comprises gassing the Gil through a highly'heated con ned passage at a. rate such that the oil acquires a temperature abeve 680' to 700 F. before substantial coke deposition therefrom takes place, eompresseenuerted oil is substantially entirely in the liquid state and retaining the heated '011 material under such pressure at a temperat'ure above 680 to 700 F. to efieet substantial conversion thereof.

EDGAR M; CLARK. 

